Skin & Aging
A broad literature exists on skin, wound healing and aging processes, including around 30 human studies — predominantly small controlled trials, pilot and case reports — supplemented by many preclinical works in cell and animal models.
The studies examined hydrogen-rich water (drunk or as a bath or topical application), H₂ inhalation and hydrogen-containing dressings, for example in wound healing, inflammatory skin conditions, UV-induced oxidative stress and skin aging. Endpoints included wound course, skin moisture and elasticity as well as oxidative markers.
Some papers report favorable effects on oxidative stress and individual skin parameters, but the studies are small, short and inconsistent. The evidence is preliminary; statements about an established anti-aging or healing benefit cannot be derived from it.
Human studies on molecular hydrogen for Skin & Aging. This page collects the 102 studies catalogued in this area — 3 randomized trials, 30 pilot/observational studies and 26 reviews. Listed newest first.
2026 · Nguyen Puente — Emerging Clinical Applications for Molecular Hydrogen
Inhaled molecular hydrogen (H₂) has accumulated a growing body of encouraging clinical findings across neurological, cardiovascular, oncological and respiratory conditions — yet the evidence base remains constrained by small study sizes, inconsistent methodology, and a lack of standardised delivery systems.
2026 · Nguyen — Advances in hydrogen delivery strategies for therapeutic applications
Molecular hydrogen (H₂) has selective antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties — but getting it reliably to target tissues remains the central challenge limiting clinical use.
2026 · Pan — Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogen Production from Nanomaterials: Design, Regulation and Biomedical Applications
H₂ gas has broad therapeutic potential, but its low solubility and lack of targeted delivery limit clinical use — nanotechnology offers a solution through stimuli-responsive nanomaterials that produce H₂ on demand at disease sites.
2025 · Xie — Mechanisms and Protective Strategies for Astronaut Skin Injury in Deep Space Environments
This review summarises the current understanding of how deep space conditions — microgravity, ionising radiation, lunar dust, and microbiome disruption — damage astronaut skin, and what engineering and biomedical strategies are being developed to protect it.
2025 · Li — Delivery of Molecular Hydrogen for Precision Immunomodulation: Mechanisms, Detection Methods, and Applications
Molecular hydrogen modulates immune function through antioxidant action, suppression of inflammatory mediators, and inhibition of apoptosis — yet the precise dose-efficacy relationship in living organisms remains unclear due to the lack of accurate in-vivo detection methods.
2025 · Brandi — Molecular hydrogen therapy: A „democratic” emerging strategy against aging and age-related diseases
Aging is the primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, metabolic conditions, and cancer — this review proposes that molecular hydrogen, owing to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and senescence-regulating properties, may offer a widely accessible strategy for slowing age-related processes.
2025 · Bjørklund — Advanced Glycation End Products and Skin Autoimmune Disorders: Pathogenic Insights into Vitiligo, Bullous Pemphigoid, and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) — toxic compounds formed under high blood sugar — trigger oxidative stress and autoimmune responses that can cause skin diseases such as vitiligo and bullous pemphigoid in Type 1 Diabetes.
2025 · Sahu — Activation, interaction and intimation of Nrf2 pathway and their mutational studies causing Nrf2 associated cancer
The Nrf2 transcription factor is the cell's master antioxidant switch — when Nrf2 functions correctly, it defends against cancer-driving oxidative damage; when mutated, it can paradoxically protect tumour cells from therapy.
2025 · Li — Application Trends of Hydrogen-generating Nanomaterials for the Treatment of ROS-related Diseases
Hydrogen-producing nanomaterials allow targeted, sustained delivery of H₂ directly to sites of disease — this review surveys how combining H₂ gas therapy with nanomedicine advances treatment of cancers, neurodegeneration, cardiovascular, liver, kidney, and skin diseases driven by excess reactive oxygen species (ROS).
2024 · Dhillon — Hydrogen Water: Extra Healthy or a Hoax?—A Systematic Review
Hydrogen-rich water (HRW) — healthy or hype? A systematic review of 25 studies concludes: the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects are „encouraging“ in early clinical studies, but not yet conclusive — larger studies are needed.
2024 · Slezák — New Possibilities of the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Pathologies: The Potential of Molecular Hydrogen in the Reduction of Oxidative Stress
This review examines molecular hydrogen (H₂) as a selective antioxidant with particular promise for cardiovascular disease, where oxidative stress plays a defining role.
2024 · Zheng — Potential Role of Molecular Hydrogen Therapy on Oxidative Stress and Redox Signaling in Chronic Kidney Disease
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is driven in large part by oxidative stress — and current therapies to slow its progression remain inadequate.
2024 · Afkhami — Exploring Approaches to Pulp Vitality Assessment: A Scoping Review of Nontraditional Methods
Accurate assessment of dental pulp vitality is critical in endodontics — yet current clinical tests are imprecise.
2022 · Lippi — Impact of nutraceuticals and dietary supplements on mitochondria modifications in healthy aging: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
This systematic review of 6 randomized controlled trials found that dietary supplements — including hydrogen-rich water — show positive effects on mitochondrial function markers in healthy older adults, but the total evidence base is small and further research is needed.
2022 · Fu — Molecular hydrogen is a promising therapeutic agent for pulmonary disease
This review summarizes the growing body of evidence suggesting that molecular hydrogen can protect the lungs from a range of diseases — including acute lung injury, COPD, asthma, lung cancer, pulmonary hypertension, and pulmonary fibrosis — through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties.
2021 · Bajgai et al. — Role of Molecular Hydrogen in Skin Diseases and its Impact in Beauty.
Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are central drivers of skin diseases such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and skin ageing; molecular hydrogen (H₂) may offer a therapeutic approach by targeting these mechanisms.
2021 · Slezak et al. — Oxidative Stress and Pathways of Molecular Hydrogen Effects in Medicine
This review explains why molecular hydrogen (H₂) has unique advantages over conventional antioxidants: it selectively neutralises the most damaging reactive oxygen species while leaving beneficial ones intact.
2016 · Zheng — Molecular Hydrogen Therapy Ameliorates Organ Damage Induced by Sepsis
This review summarises animal-based evidence suggesting that molecular hydrogen can reduce inflammatory cytokine release, oxidative stress, and organ damage in sepsis models, improving survival rates across brain, lung, liver, kidney, and intestinal tissues.
2015 · Shimura et al. — Radiation occupational health interventions offered to radiation workers in response to the complex catastrophic disaster at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant.
Following the 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster, a comprehensive set of occupational health measures protected emergency workers from radiation overexposure — fewer than 1% received doses above 100 mSv, and no deaths from radiation were reported.
2013 · Wang — Introspection of oxidant/antioxidant imbalance in the inner ear
Free radicals play a central role in inner ear damage from noise, ototoxic drugs, and aging — but antioxidant therapy without knowledge of the specific oxidative stress type risks further harm.
2013 · Qian — Hydrogen as a new class of radioprotective agent
Molecular hydrogen (H₂) reduces radiation-induced oxidative damage by selectively neutralizing hydroxyl radicals — the main cause of ionizing radiation injury.
2012 · Ohta — Molecular hydrogen is a novel antioxidant to efficiently reduce oxidative stress with potential for the improvement of mitochondrial diseases.
This review by Shigeo Ohta — one of the founders of modern H₂ medicine — surveys the biological effects of molecular hydrogen across more than 38 diseases, physiological states, and clinical tests documented in the years following the 2007 Nature Medicine paper.
2011 · Ohta — Recent progress toward hydrogen medicine: potential of molecular hydrogen for preventive and therapeutic applications.
Since the landmark 2007 Nature Medicine paper demonstrating that molecular hydrogen (H₂) selectively neutralizes toxic hydroxyl radicals, the field of hydrogen medicine has grown rapidly.
1996 · Mehta — Magnetization Transfer Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Clinical Review
Magnetization transfer (MT) is a magnetic resonance imaging technique that exploits the interaction between free water protons and protons bound to macromolecules — providing tissue contrast that reveals structural integrity beyond conventional T1, T2, and proton-density images.
2026 · Kuang — Exploratory Evaluation of Hydrogen-Rich Water Therapy for Keloid Management: A Double-Blinded Randomized Pilot Trial
Hydrogen-rich drinking water relieved pain and itching in keloid patients and dampened inflammatory and scar-forming messengers.
2021 · Zanini — The effects of 6-month hydrogen-rich water intake on molecular and phenotypic biomarkers of aging in older adults aged 70 years and over: A randomized controlled pilot trial
6 months of hydrogen water (0.5 L/day, 15 ppm) in 40 people over 70 lengthened the telomeres (a marker of cell aging) and improved brain metabolism as well as leg strength (chair-stand test, P = 0.01) — while telomeres shortened in the control group.
2017 · Ono et al. — Hydrogen Gas Inhalation Treatment in Acute Cerebral Infarction: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Study on Safety and Neuroprotection.
In this randomized controlled trial with 50 stroke patients, inhaling 3% H₂ gas twice daily for 7 days was safe and led to measurable improvements in MRI lesion intensity, stroke severity scores (NIHSS), and functional independence (Barthel Index).
2026 · Xu et al. — Hydrogen-Enriched Hyaluronic Acid Dressing Ameliorates Diabetic Foot Ulcer via Promoting Mitophagy
A hyaluronic acid dressing enriched with molecular hydrogen accelerated wound healing in diabetic foot ulcer patients and, in parallel laboratory experiments, activated the cellular „self-cleaning“ programme for damaged mitochondria (mitophagy).
2025 · Wong et al. — Nano-Bubble Hydrogen Water in Wet-Wrap Dressing Improves the Severity of Pediatric Patients With Atopic Dermatitis
In 20 children with atopic dermatitis, wet-wrap dressings soaked in nano-bubble hydrogen water significantly reduced erythema, dryness, and total skin severity scores compared to baseline; in a split-body sub-study (8 patients), hydrogen-water-treated limbs improved significantly more than limbs treated with plain water.
2025 · Tsai et al. — Molecular Hydrogen as an Adjuvant Therapy in Comorbid Sjögren's Syndrome, SLE, and ILD: A Case Report on Immune Modulation and Fatigue Reduction
A 69-year-old woman with overlapping Sjögren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and interstitial lung disease (ILD) — a difficult-to-treat triad — showed notable clinical improvements after adding molecular hydrogen therapy to her regimen.
2025 · Lin et al. — Molecular Hydrogen Capsule Therapy for Primary Biliary Cholangitis With Elevated IgG4: A Case Report on Immune Marker Normalization
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic autoimmune liver disease that often responds inadequately to the standard drug ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA).
2025 · Hsu et al. — Molecular Hydrogen Therapy Enhances Immune Markers in Treg, Plasma, Tr1 Cells, and KLRG1 Expression on Tc Cells: A Case of Acute SDH With Midline Shift and Uncal Herniation Post-decompressive Craniectomy
Acute subdural hematoma with brain herniation carries high mortality and poor neurological outcomes.
2025 · Kuang et al. — Hydrogen-Rich Saline Combined With Vacuum Sealing Drainage Promotes Wound Healing by Altering Biotin Metabolism
Impaired wound healing is a significant clinical burden — particularly in post-surgical or chronic wound settings.
2025 · Lin et al. — Molecular Hydrogen as a Potential Adjunctive Therapy to Improve Renal Function and Reduce Fatigue in an Elderly Patient With Chronic Comorbidities: A Case Report
An 89-year-old woman with coronary artery disease, type 2 diabetes with nephropathy, and SLE — presenting with recurrent wound infection — showed improved renal function and reduced chronic fatigue after adjuvant hydrogen capsule therapy.
2024 · Chen — Molecular Hydrogen Therapy in Aneurysmal SAH With RA and Newly-diagnosed SLE, Complicated With Acute Ischemic Infarction: A Case Report of Improved Immune Markers Including Tr1 Cells, Breg Cells and TIM3 Expression on Tc Cells.
A 44-year-old woman with a ruptured brain aneurysm, rheumatoid arthritis, and newly diagnosed lupus remained unconscious despite surgery, immunosuppressants, and plasmapheresis — until daily hydrogen capsules were added.
2024 · Lin — Molecular Hydrogen Therapy in Sjögren's Syndrome With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Right-sided Heart Failure: A Case Report of Improved Immune Markers Including Treg, B Cells and Plasma Cell.
A 56-year-old woman with Sjögren's syndrome-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension and right-sided heart failure — unresponsive to five standard drugs — experienced clinical stabilisation and measurable immune improvement after starting daily hydrogen capsules as an add-on.
2024 · Lin — Early Hydrogen-Oxygen Gas Mixture Inhalation in Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (HOMA): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
This is the published protocol for the first large-scale randomised controlled trial of hydrogen therapy in aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH): 206 patients will inhale a 67% hydrogen / 33% oxygen gas mixture for 8 hours daily in the ICU, targeting delayed cerebral ischaemia and cerebral vasospasm.
2024 · Lui — Molecular Hydrogen as a Promising Therapy Could Be Linked With Increased Resting Treg Cells or Decreased Fas+ T Cell Subsets in a IgG4-PF-ILD Patient: A Case Report.
An 85-year-old woman with progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease complicated by hospital-acquired pneumonia showed noticeable improvement in lung infiltrations on chest X-ray by day four of hydrogen-assisted therapy, alongside measurable immune changes: resting Treg cells rose, while Fas+ T cell subsets declined.
2024 · Guan — Successful treatment of Behçet's disease ulcers and skin lesions with hydrogen water.
A case report describing the successful use of hydrogen water in treating oral ulcers and skin lesions associated with Behçet's disease — a rare systemic vasculitis for which conventional therapies often provide incomplete relief.
2022 · Tanaka — Hydrogen-rich bath with nano-sized bubbles improves antioxidant capacity and inflammation levels in human serum
A 10-minute bath in hydrogen-rich water with nano-bubbles raised blood antioxidant capacity by about 11% and lowered the inflammatory marker CRP by roughly 30% in healthy volunteers — and sustained CRP reductions were observed in patients with autoimmune conditions over months of daily bathing.
2021 · Kato — Heat-retention effects of hydrogen-rich water bath assessed by thermography for humans
2021 · Sugaya — Association of Breath Hydrogen Concentration with Oral Intake and Urinary Diseases
Breath hydrogen levels rise temporarily after eating, drinking — including hydrogen water — and with age in women, but are not associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia, overactive bladder, or constipation.
2020 · Asada et al. — Effects of hydrogen-rich water prepared by alternating-current-electrolysis on antioxidant activity, DNA oxidative injuries, and diabetes-related markers.
Hydrogen-rich water produced by alternating-current (AC) electrolysis — reaching nearly the theoretical maximum H₂ concentration of 1.55 mg/L — showed promising effects on blood glucose markers and systemic DNA oxidative damage in nine people with elevated diabetes-related serum markers over eight weeks.
2019 · Yang et al. — Skin ulcers infected with conditional pathogenic strains treated with local hydrogen water packing in two pemphigus vulgaris patients: Case reports with follow-up for 2 months.
Two patients with pemphigus vulgaris — an autoimmune blistering disorder — developed secondary skin ulcer infections with opportunistic pathogens that were treated with local wet packing using hydrogen water, resulting in healing over two months of follow-up.
2018 · Zhu — Positive Effects of Hydrogen-Water Bathing in Patients of Psoriasis and Parapsoriasis en Plaques
In a parallel-controlled trial, hydrogen-water bathing achieved at least 75% improvement in psoriasis severity (PASI-75) in 24.4% of patients versus 2.9% in controls, with over half the patients reaching PASI-50 improvement.
2017 · Qian et al. — Therapeutic effects of hydrogen on chronic graft-versus-host disease.
This study combined a mouse model of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) with a clinical human component, finding that hydrogen-rich saline increased survival rates and reduced skin lesions in mice — and suggesting human therapeutic relevance in post-transplant patients.
2017 · Katsumata et al. — The Effects of Hydrogen Gas Inhalation on Adverse Left Ventricular Remodeling After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for ST-Elevated Myocardial Infarction — First Pilot Study in Humans.
In this first-in-human pilot study with 20 STEMI patients undergoing PCI, inhaling 1.3% H₂ gas during and after the procedure was safe and showed a numerical trend toward better left ventricular recovery at 6 months — but the primary endpoint (cardiac salvage index at 7 days) did not reach statistical significance.
2015 · Ishibashi et al. — Improvement of psoriasis-associated arthritis and skin lesions by treatment with molecular hydrogen: A report of three cases.
In three patients with psoriasis-associated arthritis and skin lesions, H₂ treatment (via saline infusion, inhalation, and/or high-concentration drinking water) reduced DAS28 and PASI scores, caused near-complete clearing of skin lesions, and lowered inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-17, TNFα) in at least one patient.
2011 · Tsushima et al. — Feasibility of Measuring Human Pancreatic Perfusion In Vivo Using Imaging Techniques
This study evaluates methods for measuring pancreatic blood flow using CT and other imaging modalities — not H₂ therapy.
2000 · Pribila — Improved lactose digestion and intolerance among African-American adolescent girls fed a dairy-rich diet.
After 21 days on a dairy-rich diet, African-American adolescent girls with lactose maldigestion showed significantly reduced breath hydrogen excretion and negligible gastrointestinal symptoms, suggesting colonic adaptation to lactose.
1995 · Hundley et al. — Assessment of left-to-right intracardiac shunting by velocity-encoded, phase-difference magnetic resonance imaging
MRI flow measurements in the major heart vessels agreed very well (r = 0.94) with invasive catheterisation data in detecting and quantifying left-to-right intracardiac shunts in 21 adults.
1988 · Neale — Dietary Fibre and Health: The Role of Hydrogen Production
A hypothesis paper proposing that molecular hydrogen, produced in large amounts during gut fermentation of dietary fibre, may be a key mediator of fibre's protective health effects — acting as a natural antioxidant against damaging free radicals in body tissues.
1986 · Nohara et al. — Measurement of Skin Blood Flow Using Inhaled Hydrogen Gas Clearance Method
This study from 1986 used inhaled hydrogen gas as a diagnostic tracer to measure skin blood flow — not as a therapeutic agent.
2026 · Zhao — Molecular hydrogen triggers TRPC4-TRPC4AP-dependent reversible calcium transients via extracellular influx
For the first time, researchers have identified a specific ion channel — TRPC4, activated via its binding partner TRPC4AP — as the molecular target through which inhaled hydrogen gas triggers rapid, reversible calcium signals in living cells and in the brains and skin of living mice.
2026 · Kiyoi — Transcriptome-Based Evaluation of Hydrogen Gas Effects for Preventing UVA-Induced Photoaging Using an Artificial Skin Model
Hydrogen gas inhalation may protect skin against UV-A induced photoaging — not just by scavenging free radicals, but by modulating specific gene expression pathways including NRF2-mediated antioxidant defence and the p53-mediated senescence pathway.
2026 · Li — MXene-Engineered MgB₂ Nanoprodrugs with Acid-Responsive Hydrogen Evolution for Cooperative Photothermal Cancer Ablation
Researchers engineered a nanoparticle system (MgB₂-Ti₃C₂Tₓ@PEG) that releases hydrogen gas specifically within the acidic tumor microenvironment and simultaneously converts near-infrared laser light into heat — combining hydrogen gas therapy with photothermal tumor ablation.
2026 · Wu — Hydrogen Ameliorates Psoriasis-Like Skin Inflammation via Inhibiting the cGAS-STING Pathway
In a mouse model of psoriasis, hydrogen-rich water significantly reduced skin inflammation by inhibiting the cGAS-STING signalling pathway — a key driver of the excessive immune activation characteristic of psoriasis.
2025 · Zhu — Transdermal Hydrogen Therapy for Psoriasis Using Cavity-embedded Double-conical Microneedles
A new microneedle patch delivers hydrogen directly through the skin into psoriatic tissue, where sustained H₂ release significantly outperformed a standard topical therapy (calcipotriol cream) in reducing oxidative damage, inflammation, and the hallmark skin thickening of psoriasis.
2025 · Wang — Spontaneous Hydrogen-releasing Nanoenzyme Alleviates Osteoarthritis via Oxidative Stress Reduction and Mitochondrial Dysfunction Reversal
A newly engineered nanoenzyme that spontaneously releases hydrogen gas alleviated osteoarthritis in animal experiments by reducing oxidative stress, restoring mitochondrial function, promoting the clearance of damaged mitochondria (mitophagy), and slowing cartilage degeneration.
2025 · Wang — Hierarchical ROS-scavenging platform breaks vicious cycle of stem cell senescence, angiogenesis arrest, and immune dysregulation in diabetic wounds.
Diabetic chronic wounds are driven by a self-reinforcing cycle of oxidative stress, stem cell ageing, impaired blood-vessel growth, and immune imbalance.
2025 · Zhang — Hydrogen attenuates the senescence of adipose-derived stem cells and enhances their myogenic differentiation via modulation of the PRDX6/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway.
Stem cells derived from fat tissue age over time, limiting their potential for regenerative therapies — and hydrogen gas treatment can slow this ageing while simultaneously improving the cells' ability to differentiate into muscle tissue.
2025 · Li — Hydrogen promoted mitochondrial autophagy and alleviated CIH-induced vascular endothelial cell senescence by regulating oxidative stress.
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) causes repeated oxygen deficits that accelerate ageing of the blood vessel lining — and molecular hydrogen (H₂) can protect vascular endothelial cells against this premature ageing by activating cellular clean-up processes (autophagy) and reducing oxidative stress.
2025 · Lin — Galvanic Cell Bipolar Microneedle Patches for Reversing Photoaging Wrinkles.
A microneedle patch containing magnesium-based bipolar electrodes generates microcurrents and releases hydrogen gas and magnesium ions directly in the skin via a galvanic cell reaction.
2025 · Yu — Protective Effects of Hydrogen Treatment Against High Glucose-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis via Inhibition of the AGEs/RAGE/NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Skin Cells.
In cell culture, molecular hydrogen protected human skin cells (keratinocytes and fibroblasts) against the oxidative stress and cell death caused by high glucose or advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) — compounds that accumulate in diabetic tissue.
2024 · Tumurbaatar — The effect of hydrogen gas on the oxidative stress response in adipose tissue.
Human fat tissue soaked in hydrogen-dissolved culture medium showed reduced markers of harmful oxidative stress and a trend toward smaller fat cell size.
2024 · Xu — Poly(ionic liquid)-Flocculated Chlorella Loading Bactericidal and Antioxidant Hydrogel as a Biological Hydrogen Therapy for Diabetic Wound Dressing.
A hydrogel wound dressing that uses living algae to continuously produce H₂ on-site was engineered and tested on infected diabetic wounds in cell and animal models.
2024 · Wang — Combined use of hydrogen-rich water and enzyme-digested edible bird's nest improves PMA/LPS-impaired wound healing in human inflammatory gingival tissue equivalents.
In a laboratory model of inflamed human gum tissue, the combination of hydrogen-rich water and a processed form of edible bird's nest significantly counteracted the wound-healing damage caused by an inflammatory stimulus.
2024 · Chen et al. — Endogenous Melanin and Hydrogen-Based Specific Activated Theranostics Nanoagents: A Novel Multi-Treatment Paradigm for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Researchers developed nanoparticles (MAHI NGs) that release molecular hydrogen, melanin nanoparticles, and a clinical fluorescent dye directly into inflamed joints — guided by the specific chemical environment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
2023 · Agar — The Inhibition Mechanism of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma via LXR Receptors: A Multifaceted Approach Integrating Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics and Post-MD Inter-Molecular Contact Analysis
A computational in-silico study investigated how natural compounds — Baicalein, Beta-Sitosterol, and Polydatin — might inhibit Liver X receptors (LXR), which play a role in the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
2023 · Aokage — Attenuation of pulmonary damage in aged lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation mice through continuous 2 % hydrogen gas inhalation: A potential therapeutic strategy for geriatric inflammation and survival
In aged mice (21–23 months) with LPS-induced systemic inflammation, continuous inhalation of 2 % hydrogen gas for 24 hours reduced lung inflammation, lowered senescence-related markers, and improved survival — while having no measurable effect on LPS-induced liver injury.
2023 · Kiyoi — Intermittent environmental exposure to hydrogen prevents skin photoaging through reduction of oxidative stress
In a mouse model, nightly exposure to 1.3 % hydrogen gas for 6 weeks reduced UVA-induced skin aging: fewer senescent cells, less epidermal thickening, reduced melanogenesis, and less collagen degradation in the dermis.
2023 · Wang — pH-Responsive Delivery of H₂ through Ammonia Borane-Loaded Hollow Polydopamine for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Therapy
A pH-responsive nanoparticle system (ammonia borane inside hollow polydopamine shells, AB@HPDA) releases H₂ in the acidic environment of a degenerated intervertebral disc, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in both in-vitro and in-vivo (rat/rabbit) experiments.
2023 · Zhu — Two-Dimensional Mg₂Si Nanosheet-Enabled Sustained Hydrogen Generation for Improved Repair and Regeneration of Deeply Burned Skin
A hydrogel dressing embedded with magnesium silicide nanosheets can continuously release molecular H₂ for about one week — and in animal and cell experiments, this sustained H₂ supply significantly accelerated healing of deep burn wounds without visible scarring.
2023 · Sahoo — Hydrogen-producing Photocatalyst at Sunscreen for Athletes in Preventing and Healing Muscle-nerve-skin Injuries
A theoretical concept paper proposes embedding a UV-absorbing photocatalyst into a hydrogel sunscreen that would continuously split sweat into H₂ — allowing athletes to absorb H₂ through the skin during sun exposure.
2023 · Yang — Molecular Hydrogen Promotes Adipose-derived Stem Cell Myogenic Differentiation via Regulation of Mitochondria
In cell culture experiments, exposing fat-tissue-derived stem cells to molecular hydrogen significantly improved their survival and their ability to differentiate into muscle cells — an effect linked to improved mitochondrial function and reduced oxidative stress.
2022 · Chen et al. — Photocatalytic Glucose Depletion and Hydrogen Generation for Diabetic Wound Healing
Researchers engineered hydrogen-incorporated titanium oxide nanorods that, under visible light, simultaneously deplete glucose and generate molecular hydrogen (H₂) at diabetic wound sites — addressing both the hyperglycaemic microenvironment and chronic inflammation.
2022 · Li — Local Treatment of Hydrogen-Rich Saline Promotes Wound Healing In Vivo by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress via Nrf-2/HO-1 Pathway
Applying hydrogen-rich saline directly to skin wounds in mice accelerated wound closure and reduced inflammation compared to regular saline, with the Nrf-2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway identified as the key mechanism.
2022 · Mizutani — Hydrogen-rich water reduced oxidative stress and renal fibrosis in rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction.
In a rat model of obstructive kidney injury, drinking hydrogen-rich water (HRW) for two weeks after surgery significantly reduced interstitial fibrosis and oxidative stress markers in the affected kidney.
2021 · Yuan et al. — In Situ Hydrogen Nanogenerator for Bimodal Imaging Guided Synergistic Photothermal/Hydrogen Therapies
This nanotechnology study developed a nanoparticle system that generates hydrogen gas locally within tumors, combining hydrogen therapy with photothermal therapy (heat-based cancer treatment) to kill cancer cells.
2020 · Kwon — Antioxidant Activity of Hydrogen Water Mask Pack Composed of Gel-Type Emulsion and Hydrogen Generation Powder
A cosmetic mask pack containing zinc carbonate-derived hydrogen-generating powder was tested in vitro for antioxidant activity and in a small clinical pilot for skin density effects.
2020 · Meng — Hydrogen Gas Represses the Progression of Lung Cancer via Down-regulating CD47
In lung cancer cell lines and a mouse tumour model, hydrogen gas treatment reduced the expression of CD47 — a „don't eat me“ signal that cancer cells use to evade immune destruction — and thereby inhibited cancer cell growth, invasion, migration, and promoted macrophage-mediated tumour cell clearance.
2019 · Kou et al. — Acid-responsive H₂-releasing Fe nanoparticles for safe and effective cancer therapy.
This preclinical study describes an ingenious drug-delivery strategy: iron nanoparticles coated with carboxymethyl cellulose that release molecular hydrogen (H₂) selectively inside the acidic tumour microenvironment, enabling targeted, imaging-guided cancer therapy in mice.
2019 · Liu — Molecular Hydrogen Suppresses Glioblastoma Growth via Inducing the Glioma Stem-Like Cell Differentiation
In rat and mouse glioblastoma (GBM) models, daily inhalation of 67% hydrogen gas suppressed tumor growth, prolonged survival, and induced differentiation of cancer stem-like cells — reducing their self-renewal, proliferation, and invasive capacity.
2018 · Wang — Hydrogen gas inhibits lung cancer progression through targeting SMC3
In lung cancer cell lines and a mouse xenograft model, hydrogen gas (H₂) inhibited cell viability, migration, and invasion while promoting apoptosis — apparently by downregulating SMC3, a chromosome condensation regulator.
2018 · Zhang — Hydrogen ameliorates oxidative stress via PI3K-Akt signalling pathway in UVB-induced HaCaT cells
In human keratinocyte cells (HaCaT line) irradiated with UVB, hydrogen treatment reduced reactive oxygen species and oxidative damage markers while activating the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 protective cascade.
2017 · Han — Hydrogen Treatment Protects against Cell Death and Senescence Induced by Oxidative Damage
In mouse embryonic fibroblast cell cultures, nanoparticle hydrogen water suppressed hydroxyurea-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, reduced signs of cellular ageing (β-galactosidase accumulation), and promoted cell proliferation.
2016 · Hara — Molecular Hydrogen Alleviates Cellular Senescence in Endothelial Cells
In human vascular endothelial cells exposed to a toxic compound (TCDD), hydrogen-rich medium prevented signs of cellular ageing (senescence) even after H₂ had dissipated from the medium — an effect mediated by the antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2.
2015 · Ostojic — Eumelanin-driven production of molecular hydrogen: A novel element of skin defense?
This theoretical hypothesis paper proposes that eumelanin — the dark pigment in skin and hair — may produce endogenous molecular hydrogen (H₂) and that this capacity could represent a previously overlooked mechanism of skin protection against oxidative stress.
2015 · Shi et al. — Hydrogen Therapy Reduces Oxidative Stress-associated Risks Following Acute and Chronic Exposure to High-altitude Environment.
This theoretical paper proposes that inhaling low-dose H₂ gas or drinking hydrogen-saturated water could prevent and treat mountain sickness by counteracting the oxidative stress caused by high-altitude low-oxygen and high-UV conditions.
2013 · Johnsen — A non-aqueous reduction process for purifying ¹⁵³Gd produced in natural europium targets
This nuclear medicine radiochemistry study developed a methanol-based purification process for Gadolinium-153 (a medical imaging quality-assurance isotope) that nearly eliminates the hazardous hydrogen gas produced by conventional aqueous europium reduction.
2012 · Madsen et al. — Charge-site-dependent dissociation of hydrogen-rich radical peptide cations upon vacuum UV photoexcitation.
This study investigates a highly specialized mass spectrometry technique for analyzing peptide structure — specifically how „hydrogen-rich" radical peptide ions fragment when excited by vacuum ultraviolet light.
2012 · Kato et al. — Hydrogen-rich electrolyzed warm water represses wrinkle formation against UVA ray together with type-I collagen production and oxidative-stress diminishment in fibroblasts and cell-injury prevention in keratinocytes.
UVA radiation from sunlight damages skin cells, promotes wrinkle formation, and reduces collagen production — primarily via oxidative stress from reactive oxygen species.
2011 · Terasaki — Hydrogen Therapy Attenuates Irradiation-Induced Lung Damage by Reducing Oxidative Stress
In irradiated human lung cells and in mice given whole-thorax irradiation, molecular hydrogen (H₂) — delivered as H₂-rich PBS, H₂-enriched drinking water, or 3% H₂ inhalation — significantly reduced oxidative stress markers, apoptosis, and lung fibrosis.
2011 · Yu — Hydrogen-Rich Medium Protects Human Skin Fibroblasts from High Glucose or Mannitol Induced Oxidative Damage
In human skin fibroblasts stressed with high glucose or mannitol — models of diabetic oxidative stress — a hydrogen-rich culture medium significantly reduced intracellular superoxide, stabilised mitochondrial membrane potential, and lowered markers of DNA and protein oxidation damage.
2011 · Lazzeroni — Production of Clinically Useful Positron Emitter Beams During Carbon Ion Deceleration
This radiation physics study models how to produce high-energy carbon-11 (¹¹C) fragments from a primary ¹²C beam for simultaneous cancer treatment and PET imaging — and finds that hydrogen-rich materials such as liquid hydrogen and polyethylene are the most efficient decelerators for this process.